Eleazar
Overview
- Testament: Old
- Role: High priest (succeeded Aaron)
- Family: Son of Aaron and Elisheba, grandson of Amram
- Key Books: Leviticus, Numbers, Joshua
Biography
Eleazar was the third son of Aaron and Elisheba. After the deaths of his brothers Nadab and Abihu in the fire of the Lord (Leviticus 10), and eventually after Aaron’s death on Mount Hor, Eleazar became the high priest of Israel. He served as the chief priest throughout the wilderness wanderings and into the conquest of Canaan. He received the breastplate of judgment from his father Aaron (Numbers 8:25) and cast the lots for dividing the Promised Land among the tribes (Joshua 18:10). The priestly line through Eleazar became the dominant line, and the Messiah would eventually descend from this lineage (according to Matthew’s genealogy).
Key Events
- Tabernacle Consecration — Ordained as priest alongside his father and brothers
- Death of Nadab and Abihu — Survived while his brothers perished
- Death of Aaron — Succeeded as high priest on Mount Hor
- Division of Canaan — Cast lots for tribal inheritances
Relationships
Important Verses
- Numbers 20:26 — “Aaron was gathered unto his people… and Eleazar his son was anointed priest.”
- Joshua 14:1 — “These are the countries which Eleazar the priest… divided for inheritance.”
Cross-References
- Mentioned in: Leviticus, Numbers, Joshua, 1 Chronicles
- Genealogy: Matthew 1:14 traces priestly line through Eleazar
Notes
Eleazar’s name means “God will help.” He represents continuity of the priesthood and faithful service through transition of leadership.